Mr. Hartenstein has served as a Director of the Company since November 2005. Mr. Hartenstein has also served as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Tribune Publishing Company, a media company, since its spinoff from the Tribune Company, a multimedia, publishing, digital media and broadcasting company, in August 2014. Mr. Hartenstein served as a member of the Tribune Company board of directors from January 2013 to August 2014 and as its President and Chief Executive Officer from May 2011 to January 2013. From August 2008 to August 2014, Mr. Hartenstein also served as Publisher and Chief Executive Officer of the Los Angeles Times. Previously, Mr. Hartenstein served as President of DIRECTV, Inc., a television service provider, from its inception in 1990 through 2001 and then as its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer from 2001 to 2003, when News Corporation purchased a controlling interest in the company. He continued as Vice Chairman of The DIRECTV Group through 2004. Mr. Hartenstein was inducted into the Consumer Electronics Association Hall of Fame in 2008, the Broadcasting and Cable Hall of Fame in 2002 and the National Academy of Engineering in 2001, and received an Emmy Award for Lifetime Achievement from the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences in 2007. Mr. Hartenstein also serves as the Lead Independent Director of SIRIUS-XM Satellite Radio Holdings Inc., a Director of Broadcom Corporation and a Director of the City of Hope. Mr. Hartenstein has also served as a Director of Thomson, S.A. (Thomson Multimedia). Mr. Hartenstein received a BS in Aerospace Engineering, a BS in Mathematics and an honorary Doctor of Science from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, as well as an MS in Applied Mechanics from the California Institute of Technology.